The health authorities in French Polynesia say a 60-year-old man in Tahiti has died of leptospirosis.
They have linked the death to the wet weather, which tends to help spread the disease.
They advise people to stay clear of dirty water as it may contain the bacteria which is spread by the urine of animals.
Up to 80 people a year need hospital care in French Polynesia because of leptospirosis.
