Italy is holding a day of national mourning, after a boat carrying about 500 African migrants sank off the island of Lampedusa.
At least 103 bodies were recovered and scores more are trapped in the vessel, which sank less than 1 kilometre offshore.
The BBC reports more than 150 people were rescued, but another 200 of those on board the 20 metre boat are unaccounted for.
Most of the migrants were from Eritrea and Somalia, said the UN.
The skipper of the boat, a 35-year-old Tunisian, was arrested, announced Italy's Interior Minister Angelino Alfano when he visited the island later in the day.
"He had been deported from Italy in April," Mr Alfano said.
"This is not an Italian tragedy, this is a European tragedy," he continued. "Lampedusa has to be considered the frontier of Europe, not the frontier of Italy."
A minute of silence will be observed in all Italian schools on Friday in memory of the victims.
Mr Alfano said the ship had sailed from Misrata in Libya and began taking on water when its motor stopped working as it neared Lampedusa early on Thursday morning.
It is thought that some of those on board set fire to a piece of material to try to attract the attention of passing ships, only to have the fire spread to the rest of the boat.
"Once the fire started, there was concern about the boat sinking and everyone moved to one side, causing the boat to go down," Mr Alfano said.
He said at least three children and two pregnant women were among the dead.
The number of those arriving by sea to Italy this year until 30 September stood at 30,100, according to the UN.
The main nationalities of those arriving were Syrian (7500), Eritrean (7500) and Somali (3000).
